Micro-Places –Interventions which target very small geographic locations such as a block, street segment, alley, intersection, specific address or cluster of addresses.

KEY:
 Rigor: M=Moderately Rigorous; R= Rigorous; VR=Very Rigorous
 Y-axis: F=Focused and Tailored; G=General
 Z-axis: R=Reactive; P=Proactive; H=Highly Proactive
 Dots: Black=Effective; Gray=Mixed Results; White=No Evidence of Effect; 
       Red=Backfire effect

 

Author	Intervention and Findings	Result	Rigor	Y-Axis	Z-Axis
Baker & Wolfer (2003)	Problem-oriented policing project in a park reduces fear and perceptions of drug use and vandalism		M	F	HP
Bichler et al.  (2013)	Problem-oriented policing, focusing on outreach to motel owners and operators, code enforcement, and permit ordinance to increase pressure on uncooperative motel operators		M	F	P
Braga et al. (1999)	Problem-oriented policing in violent crime hot spots leads to reductions in violent and property crime, disorder and drug selling		VR	F	HP
Braga & Bond (2008)	Focus on hot spots of crime leads to reductions in crime and disorder calls for service		VR	F	P
Braga et al. (2012)	Safe Street Team problem-oriented policing project associated with a reduction in violent index crimes at treatment hot spots relative to comparison places		R	F	HP
Bryant et al. (2015)	Data-Driven Approaches to Crime and Traffic Safety (DDACTS) produced statistically significant decreases in robberies, commercial burglaries, and vehicle crashes		M	G	P
Chaiken et al. (1975)	Increased police on the New York Subways at night led to reduced crime		M	G	P
Corsaro et al. (2012)	Pulling levers intervention: Identification of drug and violence hot spots followed by notification and resource delivery to individuals convicted of nonviolent nonfelony crimes		R	F	P
Di Tella & Schargrodsky (2004)	Blocks that received extra police protection experienced significantly fewer car thefts than the rest of the neighborhoods.		R	G	R
Eck & Wartell (1998)	Property managers who have a meeting with police and threat of nuisance abatement report less crime, receiving letter somewhat effective in reducing crime		VR	F	HP
Groff et al. (2015) -Offender focused	An approach focusing on known offenders led to a reduction in violent crime and violent felonies		VR	F	P
Hope (1994)	Case studies of problem-oriented policing and drug-market locations. Forced closure or sale of property reduced drug dealing		M	F	HP
Jim et al. (2006)	Community-oriented policing in a retail shopping center led to reduced perception of gang activity and fear of crime		M	G	P
Kennedy et al. (2015) – Colorado Springs	Allocating police resources to high-risk areas, derived from risk terrain modeling (RTM) reduced crime in target areas		R	F	P
Kennedy et al. (2015) – Glendale	Allocating police resources to high-risk areas, derived from risk terrain modeling (RTM) reduced crime in target areas		R	F	P
Kennedy et al. (2015) – Kansas City	Allocating police resources to high-risk areas, derived from risk terrain modeling (RTM) reduced crime in target areas		R	F	P
Kennedy et al. (2015) – Newark	Allocating police resources to high-risk areas, derived from risk terrain modeling (RTM) reduced crime in target areas		R	F	P
Kochel et al. (2015) – Directed patrol	Directed patrol led to reduction in calls for service		R	G	P
Kochel et al (2015) – Problem solving	Problem-oriented policing led to reduction in calls for service		R	F	HP
Lawton et al. (2005)	Police officers on drug corners in Philadelphia led associated with significant localized intervention impacts for both violent and drug crimes.		R	G	P
Mazerolle, Price et al. (2000)	The use of civil remedies and third party policing associated with reduced drug crime, especially in residential locations		VR	F	HP
Mohler et al. (2015)	Predictive policing models led to reduction in crime		R	G	P
Piza et al. (2015)	CCTV increased identification of criminal activity and a reduction of crime		VR	G	P
Ratcliffe et al. (2011)	Foot patrol associated with a significant decrease in crime in hot spots that reach a threshold level of pre-intervention violence		VR	G	P
Santos & Santos (2015)	Micro-time hot spots approach reduced theft from vehicles		R	F	R
Sherman & Weisburd (1995)	Substantial increases in police patrol associated with reduction in total crime calls and more significant reduction in disorder at high crime hot spots		VR	G	P
Taylor et al. (2011)– POP	Problem-oriented policing in hot spots associated with a 33% drop in “street violence” during the 90 days after the intervention		VR	F	HP
Telep et al. (2014)	Spending approximately 15 minutes at treatment hot spots to reduce calls for service and crime incidents		VR	G	P
Weisburd & Green (1995)	Crackdowns on drug hot spots reduced disorder; no effects on violence or property crime		VR	F	HP
Weisburd et al. (2015) – Hot spots	Treatment patrol areas drawn from automatic vehicle location (AVL) systems experienced significant increases in unallocated patrol time and a decrease in crime		R	G	P
White & Katz (2013)	Problem-oriented policing at convenience store locations led to a 40% decline in calls for service at target stores.		M	F	P
Armitage & Monchuk (2011)	Secured by Design (SBD) program to encourage builders to design out crime shows effectiveness in street-level comparisons but not when comparing SBD developments to non-SBD developments		M	F	HP
Hegarty et al. (2014)	Hot spots policing design using both visibility and visibility/activity, both of which reduced crimes and calls for service.		VR	G/F	P
Koper et al. (2013)	Short-term patrols with LPR devices reduced different crimes depending on how the LPRs were used		VR	F	P
Koper et al. (2015)	The use of mobile computing technology in hot spots only impacted crime reports for locations receiving high dosage		VR	G	P
La Vigne et al. (2011)-Baltimore	Police monitored CCTV cameras reduce crime in one Baltimore site, but not the other		R	G	P
La Vigne et al. (2011)-Chicago	Police monitored CCTV cameras reduce crime in one Chicago site, but not the other		R	G	P
Novak et al. (2016)	Foot patrol effect initially reduced violent crime, but this effect soon faded		M	G	P
Piza & O’Hara (2014)	Saturation foot patrol produced reductions in violent crime, with evidence of both temporal and spatial displacement		M	G	P
Rosenfeld et al. (2014) -Directed patrol plus enforcement	Directed patrol plus enforcement activities reduced total firearm violence, but produced no change in firearm robberies		VR	F	P
Sherman & Rogan (1995)	Crack house raids reduced crime for about 12 days; crime reductions decayed quickly		VR	F	P
Buerger (1994)	Problem-oriented policing in high crime addresses leads difference in calls for service in commercial treatment vs. control addresses, but small decline in residential calls in treatment area		VR	F	HP
Groff et al. (2015) -POP	Problem-oriented policing did not lead to a reduction in violent crime, however likely due to weak implementation		VR	F	HP
Groff et al. (2015) – Foot patrol	Foot patrol did not lead to reduction in violent crime		VR	G	P
Lum et al. (2010)	Use of license plate readers mounted on patrol cars in autotheft hot spot areas not associated with declines in auto crime or crime generally in two jurisdictions		VR	G	P
Rosenfeld et al. (2014) -Directed patrol only	The directed patrol intervention had no significant impact on any of the outcome measures.		VR	G	P
Taylor et al. (2011)– Directed patrol	Saturation/directed patrol in hot spots not associated with a significant decline in crime in the post-intervention period		VR	G	P
Weisburd et al. (2012)	Broken windows policing had no evidence of an effect in calls for service		VR	G	P
Weiss & Freels (1996)	Aggressive traffic law enforcement had no impact on robbery or auto theft rates.		M	G	P