Groups — Braga (2008)
Pulling levers intervention associated with significant decline in monthly gun homicide
Groups — Braga et al. (2008)
Pulling levers intervention associated with significant decline in monthly gun homicide and gun-related assault
Groups — Braga et al. (2014)
Operation Ceasefire associated with significant reduction in gang-related shootings
Groups — Bynum & Varano (2003)
Aggressive patrol and order maintenance anti-gang initiative associated with substantial reported crime decreases in two target precincts
Groups – Braga et al. (2001)
Operation Ceasefire was associated with significant reductions in youth homicide victimizations, shots-fired calls for service, and gun assault incidents.
Groups – Corsaro & Engel (2015)
Focused deterrence strategy targeting violent gangs led to significant decreases in various measures of violent crime
Groups – Engel et al. (2013)
Focused deterrence significantly reduced group/gang-member-involved homicides and violent firearm incidents
Groups – Fox & Novak (2018)
Focused deterrence targeting violent offenders significantly reduced homicides and gun-related assaults during the first year of the intervention
Groups – Fritsch et al. (1999) Aggressive curfew
Truancy and curfew enforcement associated with reduction in gang violence
Groups – McGarrell et al. (2006)
A “lever-pulling” strategy was associated with a 34.3% reduction in the monthly homicide rate
Groups – Papachristos and Kirk (2015)
Group Violence Reduction Strategy led to a reduction in shootings and lowered the likelihood of fatal or nonfatal victimization
Groups – Ratcliffe et al. (2017)
Gang interdiction operation led to a 22% violence reduction in the area where the gang operated
Groups – Ridgeway, Grogger, et al. (2019)
Gang injunctions were estimated to reduce total reported crime by 5% in the short term (5 years), and 18% over the long term (27 years).
Groups – Sierra-Arevalo et al. (2017)
Statewide-focused deterrence intervention was associated with a reduction in total shootings and group member-involved incidents
Individuals – Abrahamse et al. (1991)
Post-arrest case enhancement of repeat offenders increased odds of arrestees being incarcerated.
Individuals – Ariel et al. (2019)
Proactive engagement of prolific offenders led to lower offending in treated groups
Individuals – Bennett et al. (2018)
Truancy intervention led to a non-significant decrease in offending among treated students, despite control students experiencing a significant increase in offending over the same time period
Individuals – Berk et al. (1992)
Arrest of spousal abusers reduced recidivism
Individuals – Bonkiewicz et al. (2014)
Mental health post-crisis assistance program led to reductions in mental health calls for service, arrests, and emergency protective custody orders
Individuals – Casey et al. (2007)
Domestic violence victims receiving home visits have significantly less calls for service than comparison group
Individuals – Cho & Wilke (2010)
Arrest of intimate partner violence perpetrators associated with reduced victimization compared to non-arrest.
Individuals – Collins et al. (2017)
Diversion program for low-level offenders associated with significantly lower odds of a subsequent arrest and felony charge
Individuals – Dunford (1990)
Arrest warrant for domestic violence suspect reduced absent offender recidivism 50%
Individuals – Exum et al. (2014)
Suspects processed through the DV unit had significantly lower rates of re-offending
Individuals – Fox & Farrington (2015)
Behavioral profiles for burglary offenses and offenders increased arrest rates
Individuals – Fox et al. (2022)
Project Safe Neighborhoods led to reductions in violence and gun crime rates
Individuals – Goosey et al. (2017)
Domestic Abuse Service Coordination (DASC) Program led to a reduction in harm for treatment couples
Individuals – Greenspan et al. (2005)
Second Responder Program led to significant reductions in abusive acts
Individuals – Jolin et al. (1998)
Domestic violence unit designed to increase arrests and prosecutions of offenders and provide follow-up victim empowerment services associated with decline in victim-reported subsequent violence
Individuals – Knoxville P.D. (2002)
Police-probation collaborative program participants more likely to successfully complete probation
Individuals – Martin & Sherman (1986)
Targeted offenders in selective apprehension program more likely to be arrested, convicted, and incarcerated
Individuals – Messing et al. (2015)
A police-social service resulted in fewer victimization of physical violence.
Individuals – Mizrachi (2019)
Victims who received the Lethality Assessment Program (LAP) were less likely to experience future intimate partner violence
Individuals – Perrone et al. (2022)
Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion (LEAD) program reduced misdemeanor and felony arrests, as well as felony cases
Individuals – Sherman & Berk (1984)
Arrest condition for domestic violence associated with significantly less offender recidivism compared to separation and mediation.
Individuals – Sherman et al. (2000) (Violent Offenders)
Restorative justice conferences can be effective in reducing repeat offending for violent offenders
Individuals – Spergel et al. (2002)
Comparison of 258 program juveniles with 96 comparison youth showed the program youth had arrest levels 18 percent lower than the comparison youth over a 4-year period.
Individuals – Thomas (1998)
Coordinated Agency Network (CAN) program reduced recidivism rates and increased successful completion of probation conditions
Individuals – White et al. (2021)
Madison Addiction Recovery Initiative (MARI) reduced recidivism among participants who completed the program
Individuals – Worrall & Gaines (2006)
Police/probation officer partnership for juvenile offenders associated with citywide reductions in assault, burglary, and theft arrests
Jurisdiction – Factor (2019)
Tailored traffic enforcement program involving public participation led to significant decreases in traffic violations
Jurisdiction – Florence et al. (2011)
Information sharing between police and health agencies to improve police deployment strategies associated with substantial and significant reduction in hospital admissions related to violence
Jurisdiction – Malm & Tita (2006)
Green Teams (increased marijuana enforcement) decrease grow operations in target areas without significant displacement to surrounding areas
Jurisdiction – McGarrell et al. (2010)
Project Safe Neighborhoods cities in higher dosage contexts experienced statistically significant, though modest, declines in violent crime
Jurisdiction – Villaveces et al. (2000)
Homicide rates significantly lower on days gun ban/police intervention in effect compared to non-intervention days in 2 Columbian cities
Jurisdiction – White et al. (2003)
Comprehensive homicide initiative of enforcement and nonenforcement problem-oriented strategies led to a decrease in homicides
Micro Places – Ariel et al. (2016)
Hot spot policing by community support officers (non-sworn police employees) led to significant reductions in crime and calls for service
Micro Places – Ariel et al. (2020)
London Underground hotspot platforms receiving directed foot patrol experienced significantly fewer calls for service compared to a no-treatment control group
Micro Places – Baker & Wolfer (2003)
Problem-oriented policing project in a park reduces fear and perceptions of drug use and vandalism
Micro Places – Basford et al. (2021)
One-a-day foot patrols of 15-20 minutes significantly reduced community violence and crime harm
Micro Places – Bichler et al. (2013)
Problem-oriented policing, focusing on outreach to motel owners and operators, code enforcement, and permit ordinance to increase pressure on uncooperative motel operators
Micro Places – Bond et al. (2014)
Problem-oriented policing directed at property crime hot spots led to significant decreases in various forms of larceny, burglary, and theft
Micro Places – Braga & Bond (2008)
Focus on hot spots of crime leads to reductions in crime and disorder calls for service
Micro Places – Braga et al. (1999)
Problem-oriented policing in violent crime hot spots leads to reductions in violent and property crime, disorder and drug selling
Micro Places – Braga et al. (2012)
Safe Street Team problem-oriented policing project associated with a reduction in violent index crimes at treatment hot spots relative to comparison places
Micro Places – Bryant et al. (2015)
Data-Driven Approaches to Crime and Traffic Safety (DDACTS) produced statistically significant decreases in robberies, commercial burglaries, and vehicle crashes
Micro Places – Caplan et al. (2021)
Risk-based policing initiative led to significantly lower violent crimes compared to comparison areas
Micro Places – Chaiken et al. (1975)
Increased police on the New York Subways at night led to reduced crime
Micro Places – Chainey et al. (2021)
Hotspot policing initiative led to significant decrease in robbery rates
Micro Places – Di Tella & Schargrodsky (2004)
Blocks that received extra police protection experienced significantly fewer car thefts than the rest of the neighborhoods.
Micro Places – Eck & Wartell (1998)
Property managers who have a meeting with police and threat of nuisance abatement report less crime, receiving letter somewhat effective in reducing crime
Micro Places – Gibson et al. (2017)
Targeted hot spot patrols led to a reduction in crime despite an overall decrease in dosage
Micro Places – Gómez et al. (2021)
Public surveillance cameras reduced property and violent crimes, with no evidence of crime displacement
Micro Places – Groff et al. (2015) (Offender Focused)
An approach focusing on known offenders led to a reduction in violent crime and violent felonies
Micro Places – Hope (1994)
Case studies of problem-oriented policing and drug-market locations. Forced closure or sale of property reduced drug dealing
Micro Places – Jim et al. (2006)
Community-oriented policing in a retail shopping center led to reduced perception of gang activity and fear of crime
Micro Places – Kennedy et al. (2015) Colorado Springs
Allocating police resources to high-risk areas, derived from risk terrain modeling (RTM) reduced crime in target areas
Micro Places – Kennedy et al. (2015) Glendale
Allocating police resources to high-risk areas, derived from risk terrain modeling (RTM) reduced crime in target areas
Micro Places – Kennedy et al. (2015) Kansas City
Allocating police resources to high-risk areas, derived from risk terrain modeling (RTM) reduced crime in target areas
Micro Places – Kennedy et al. (2015) Newark
Allocating police resources to high-risk areas, derived from risk terrain modeling (RTM) reduced crime in target areas
Micro Places – Kochel et al. (2015) Directed patrol
Directed patrol led to reduction in calls for service
Micro Places – Kochel et al. (2015) Problem solving
Problem-oriented policing led to reduction in calls for service
Micro Places – Koper et al. (2021)
Hot spot policing intervention led to significant reduction in every crime category studied.
Micro Places – Lawton et al. (2005)
Police officers on drug corners in Philadelphia were associated with significant localized intervention impacts for both violent and drug crimes.
Micro Places – Mazeika (2014)
Crackdown intervention focusing on saturation patrol and enforcement activity led to significant decreases in robberies during the intervention period
Micro Places – Mazerolle, Price et al. (2000)
The use of civil remedies and third party policing associated with reduced drug crime, especially in residential locations
Micro Places – Mohler et al. (2015)
Predictive policing models led to reduction in crime
Micro Places – Munyo & Rossi (2020)
Police-monitored surveillance cameras reduced outdoor crimes such as robbery and theft
Micro Places – Piza et al. (2015)
CCTV increased identification of criminal activity and a reduction of crime
Micro Places – Potts (2020)
Use of patrol car lights was associated with a reduction in auto thefts
Micro Places – Ratcliffe et al. (2011)
Foot patrol associated with a significant decrease in crime in hot spots that reach a threshold level of pre-intervention violence
Micro Places – Santos & Santos (2015)
Micro-time hot spots approach reduced theft from vehicles
Micro Places – Santos & Santos (2021)
Directed patrols in micro-time hot spots reduced residential burglary and theft from vehicles
Micro Places – Sherman & Weisburd (1995)
Substantial increases in police patrol associated with reduction in total crime calls and more significant reduction in disorder at high crime hot spots
Micro Places – Taylor et al. (2011) (POP)
Substantial increases in police patrol associated with reduction in total crime calls and more significant reduction in disorder at high crime hot spots
Micro Places – Telep et al. (2014)
Spending approximately 15 minutes at treatment hot spots reduced calls for service and crime incidents.
Micro Places – Weisburd & Green (1995)
Crackdowns on drug hot spots reduced disorder; no effects on violence or property crime
Micro Places – Weisburd et al. (2015) Hot spots
Treatment patrol areas drawn from automatic vehicle location (AVL) systems experienced significant increases in unallocated patrol time and a decrease in crime
Micro Places – White & Katz (2013)
Problem-oriented policing at convenience store locations led to a 40% decline in calls for service at target stores.
Micro Places – Williams & Coupe (2017)
15-minute police patrols were associated with significant reductions in crime and anti-social behavior calls for service, relative to 5-minute patrols
Neighborhood – Azrael et al. (2013)
District-level homicide review process led to decrease in monthly homicide counts
Neighborhood – Barthe & Stitt (2011)
Increased patrol presence in an area following an abduction/homicide associated with declines in person and property calls in target area relative to comparison site
Neighborhood – Berk & MacDonald (2010)
Broken windows approach to deal with homeless encampments associated with meaningful reduction in violent, property, and nuisance crimes
Neighborhood – Bland et al. (2021)
15-minutes foot patrols were associated with a significant reduction in violent crime
Neighborhood – Boydstun (1975)
More field interrogations associated with fewer outdoor crimes
Neighborhood – Bynum et al. (2014)
Comprehensive approach to reduce gun violence led to significant success
Neighborhood – Caeti (1999)
Beats in which police used hot spots and zero tolerance had greater crime reductions than those in which police used POP and increased visibility
Neighborhood – Cid (2019)
Saturation patrol program that increased police presence in high-crime areas led to reduction in robberies
Neighborhood – Clapp et al. (2005)
DUI prevention program and increased law enforcement led to decrease in self-reported DUI at the target university, whereas rates at the comparison campus remained stable.
Neighborhood – Cohen & Ludwig (2003)
Targeted patrol against gun crime reduced shots fired by up to 34% and gun-related assault injuries by up to 71% on days the program was in action