Micro Places: Hegarty et al. (2014)
Hot spots policing design using both visibility and visibility/activity, both of which reduced crimes and calls for service.
Neighborhood – Johnson et al. (2017)
Target hardening in burglary-hit neighborhoods creates modest prevention effects in some places
Neighborhood – Banerjee et al. (2019)
Rotating sobriety checkpoints led to significant decreases in nighttime traffic crashes and deaths. However, there was some evidence to suggest that daytime crashes increased in these areas as well
Neighborhood – Bilach et al. (2020)
"Summer All Out" foot patrol initiative led to a small reduction in property crime but had no significant impact on the remaining crimes studied.
Neighborhood – Blair et al. (2022)
A program enhancing coordination among local and state agencies led to significant reductions in unresolved and violent disputes at the community level, but not at the household level.
Neighborhood – Bogliaccini et al. (2022)
Police raids conducted in high-crime neighborhoods did not significantly impact violent crimes and had mixed effects on robberies.
Neighborhood – Heaton et al. (2016)
Privately funded police force was associated with long-term, but not short-term, reductions in overall violent crime. No effect was observed for property crime or violent crime committed in public spaces
Neighborhood – Jang et al. (2012)
Hot spots policing with numerous traffic stops and field interviews reduced violent, property, and disorder offenses during periods of police presence
Neighborhood – Josi et al. (2000)
Larceny and burglary drop in beats with increased traffic stops compared to routine patrol
Neighborhood – MacDonald et al. (2016)
Investigatory stops directed at impact zones significantly reduced reported crime. However, this effect was limited to probable cause stops, and stops based on general suspicion were not associated with a crime reduction effect
Neighborhood – McCabe (2009)
One of two narcotics enforcement initiatives was successful in reducing crime
Neighborhood – Nunn et al. (2006)
Covert drug trafficking interdiction associated with an overall crime decline in target area, but an increase in drug-related calls for service
Neighborhood – Pate et al. (1985a)
Proactive disorder arrests associated with significant reductions in total Part I crimes, personal crimes, and burglary.
Neighborhood – Piza et al. (2020)
Opening a police substation with increased police presence led to a decrease in burglary and motor vehicle theft but displaced robbery and auto theft incidents
Neighborhood – Rydberg et al. (2018)
Directed traffic patrol intervention to reduce violent crime was associated with both significant increases and decreases in violent crime depending on the control area used
Groups – Fritsch et al. (1999) Saturation patrol
Undirected, saturated patrol has no impact on crime
Groups – Roman et al. (2005)
Gang crackdown led to no significant decrease in violent crime or drug offenses
Individuals – Brame et al. (2015)
Court-imposed no-contact orders (NCOs) had no impact on victim safety or offender recidivism
Individuals – Uchida & Swatt (2013) [Chronic Offender Component]
Targeting violent repeat offenders did not significantly reduce crime when implemented on its own.
Jurisdiction – Beck et al. (2018)
High-intensity DUI enforcement in data-driven hot spots, along with media announcements promoting the intervention, did not lead to significant reductions in alcohol-related crashes
Micro Places – Bennett et al. (2017)
Mobile police van employing elements of hot spots policing and procedural justice did not significantly impact reported crime or community perceptions of police
Micro Places – Gerell (2016)
Actively monitored CCTV intervention did not significantly impact violent crime
Micro Places – Groff et al. (2015) (Foot patrol)
Foot patrol did not lead to reduction in violent crime
Micro Places – Hunt et al. (2014)
Predictive policing found no statistical difference in property crime
Micro Places – Kyvsgaard et al. (2022)
Property marking program failed to reduce home burglaries
Micro Places – Lum et al. (2010)
Use of license plate readers mounted on patrol cars in auto theft hot spot areas not associated with declines in auto crime or crime generally in two jurisdictions
Micro Places – Phillips et al. (2016)
Targeted police raids within drug and violent crime hot spots did not significantly impact Part I crime
Micro Places – Ratcliffe et al. (2021)
The use of predictive policing software to target hot spots with police activity did not lead to significant reductions in violent or property crime
Micro Places – Rosenfeld et al. (2014) (Directed patrol only)
The directed patrol intervention had no significant impact on any of the outcome measures.
Micro Places – Santos & Santos (2016)
Offender-focused intervention within residential and property crime hot spots did not significantly impact overall crime or hot spot arrests
Micro Places – Schaefer et al. (2019)
Directed patrol at both city and suburban hot spots did not impact crime incidents or calls for service
Micro Places – Taylor et al. (2011) (Directed patrol)
Saturation/directed patrol in hot spots not associated with a significant decline in crime in the post-intervention period
Micro Places – Weisburd et al. (2012)
Broken windows policing had no evidence of an effect in calls for service
Neighborhood – Beck (2010)
DDACTS intervention did not lead to significant changes in crime incidents, calls for service, or traffic accidents
Neighborhood – Beck et al. (2022)
Neighborhood policing initiative had no significant impact on violent and property crime.
Neighborhood – Blair et al. (2021)
Community policing strategies did not reduce crime and victimization.
Neighborhood – Guseynov (2010)
Initiative that concentrated resources and problem-solving activities on crime-prone areas did not have significant effects on crime.
Neighborhood – Mazerolle et al. (2003) [Shopfront Model]
The establishment of a police office in a community hub (e.g., shopping center, mall) did not lead to decreases in reported crime.
Neighborhood – McGarrell et al. (2001) [Directed Patrol]
General deterrence approach to directed police patrol, which focused on maximizing vehicle stops and enforcing traffic violations, did not reduce violent crime.
Neighborhood – Novak et al. (1999)
No decline in burglary or robbery following proactive disorder enforcement
Neighborhood – Pace (2010)
Order maintenance unit had no effect on offenses
Neighborhood – Pate et al. (1985) (Houston)
Monthly newsletter with crime data failed to reduce victimizations of recipients
Neighborhood – Pate et al. (1985) (Newark)
Monthly newsletter with crime data failed to reduce victimizations of recipients
Neighborhood – Pate et al. (1987)
Community block watch has no impact on crime
Neighborhood – Sviridoff et al. (1992)
Crackdown on crack market, but no change in violent crime rate
Neighborhood – Tebes & Fagan (2022)
Significant reductions in stops and frisks did not increase felonies or violent misdemeanors while decreasing non-violent misdemeanors and reducing high school dropout rates
Neighborhood – Weisburd et al. (2015) – Beat level
Knowledge of where police officers patrolled did not affect directed patrol at the beat level
Neighborhood – Weiss & Freels (1996)
Aggressive traffic law enforcement had no impact on robbery or auto theft rates.
Individuals – Davis & Medina-Ariza (2001)
More elderly abuse incidents and calls to police reported in houses that receive home visit and education; those that receive home visits only call the police more, but don’t report more abuse
Individuals – Gottfredson et al. (2020)
Increase in school resource officers (SROs) led to an increase in drug and weapon-related offenses
Micro Places – Devlin & Gottfredson (2018)
Schools with resources officers associated with significantly higher rates of both recorded and reported crime
Micro Places – Sorg (2015)
GunStat program did not reduce violent crime during treatment period and was associated with significantly higher levels of gun crime during post-treatment period